Anesthesia is a condition of controlled but brief loss of sensation or mindfulness that is instigated for clinical purposes. It might be incorporated as a few or the entire absence of pain (as alleviation from or counteraction of trauma), loss of motion (muscle unwinding), amnesia (loss of memory). Anesthesia sometimes can cause temporary or permanent loss of neurological, circulatory, or cardiovascular functions, which would there the subject must one that is studied extensively and researched in detail. Recent developments in this field involve the development of a protocol for, crisis management in malignant hyperthermia, a study on tracheal atresia syndrome, and a protocol for perinatal management associated with indications of oesophageal intubation for oxygenation and ventilation amongst other studies. Injuries, diseases, and surgeries are conditions that are incredibly strenuous to the human body, this would sometimes mean that there could be possible variations and defects in the neurological, cardiovascular, or other systems of the body. This results in the requirement for the body to learn again, the functions that were followed before the occurrence of these conditions. The steps, procedures, and methods that involve in the regaining of those functions are known as rehabilitative medicine. The study of the changes, functions, and diseases related to infants, children, or adolescents is known as pediatric medicine. Pediatric patients absorb, distribute, metabolize and eliminate medicine differently. Due to this there also is a possibility intense research that is required in this field of medicine to be conducted. This is also the reason why there is an absolute necessity in studying and understanding the effects and conditions that are caused in these patients due to anesthesia.

The course follows a hands-on approach and intends to impart a comprehensive understanding of the requirements of the course. A person taking these courses and expected to be able to, describe common concerns in health regarding the procedures of neonatal anesthesia, to be able to identify the underlying physiology that is unique to neonates, and must be considered to provide a safe dosage of general anesthesia. To be able to describe the considerations involved in setting up medications, operating room equipment, and planning for those undergoing neonatal general anesthesia. To be able to understand and describe interprofessional teams can communicate and collaborate to improve transitions in the care for neonates undergoing general anesthesia. In the study of this course, there is a requirement to understand the various underlying conditions and certain procedures that need to be administered such as, thermoregulation in neonates, as they are susceptible to hypothermia in the operating room easily as they have less fat and, therefore, less thermogenesis. Glucose management is another requirement, as neonates and infants are at risk for impaired glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. There are various positioning techniques and methods that need to be learned as neonates have thin skin and relatively little fat stores, thus making this aspect very important. Study of intubation and airway management, respiratory system and metabolic oxygen requirements, cardiovascular system, circulating blood volume and blood loss pharmacology, and drug metabolism are all other methods of study that are incorporated. 

The Doctor of Medicine - Paediatric and Neonatal Anaesthesia is a postgraduation, specialization where students with a minimum qualification of medical certification from an authorized central or state board can apply. The course offers plenty of options such as practicing anesthesiologists in medical centers, surgical rooms, etc.