Pathology is a faction of medicine that focuses on the study of diseases. This discipline discusses the main 3 elements of a disorder– cause, mechanism of origin, and outcomes of variances. This field deals with diagnostics, examination, and cure using genetic technologies, thus concentrating on the notion of patient care and prevention of illnesses. Pathologists usually work with other physicians, experts, and health specialists in hospitals and clinics to diagnose, cure and counter ailments. The manner of pathology is uncomplicated, outlining the overall response of the subject’s body to any external impact, like a disease. Consequently, this information is used to diagnose and cure disorders. Pathologists analyze the normal fabrication of a human body to the unnatural structure and function observed when an individual is ill. Pathology comprises 4 main disciplines namely Hematology – the study of ailments of the blood, Medical Microbiology – the study of infections, Histopathology – the study of human tissue disorders, Chemical Pathology – the investigation of the biochemical foundation of diseases. Career openings in the realm of pathology abound since there are multiple specialties in pathology. Normally, pathologists operate in 3 extensive areas- as diagnosticians in hospitals; teachers in institutes; researchers in medical laboratories. They may also prefer to work as advisers to physicians or medical researchers. Employment possibilities for veterans in this field are also open in hospitals, universities, and laboratories. They are employed in fields of public health, law enforcement, government agencies like CBI, crime branch, Narcotic cell, etc among other fields.  Furthermore, they may even step into research and attempt a Ph. D in any specific division of pathology.

The main topics included in the syllabus are general pathology, hematology, systemic pathology, immunopathology, histopathology, cytopathology, veterinary pathology, forensic pathology, anatomical pathology, clinical pathology, molecular pathology, plant pathology, and surgical pathology. On successful fulfillment of the training, students are equipped with the capacity to offer a high-quality diagnostic evaluation in a given clinical circumstance with a suitable and consistent sample of blood, tissue, bodily fluids, etc., for the diagnosis and supervision of the patient. Their evaluation skills at both macro and micro levels will be improved such that clinically beneficial judgments can be produced from surgical, biopsy, and cytology specimens and from the conclusions of autopsies. The skill to educate and bestow his/her expertise and competence with others and the aptitude to pursue clinical and laboratory-based research are also improved.

MD-Pathology is a 3-year full-time course whose eligibility criterion is that candidates should have obtained an MBBS Degree from an institution recognized by the Medical Council of India (MCI). Applicants should have completed a 1- year compulsory rotating internship after passing the final professional assessment examination of MBBS. Some premier institutes in the country like All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS) conduct entrance examinations for the same. Some of the conventional employment areas for MD Pathology are hospitals and clinics both government and private, government agencies, academic institutions, etc. MD Pathology postgraduates are hired in capacities such as counselor, dermatopathologist, cytotechnologist, medical examiner, lecturer, health care professional, forensic technician, and medical lab technician.